一线城市新房价格率先企稳 楼市“小阳春”会提前吗？******
(经济观察)一线城市新房价格率先企稳 楼市“小阳春”会提前吗？
中新社北京1月16日电 题：一线城市新房价格率先企稳 楼市“小阳春”会提前吗？
中新社记者 庞无忌
作为中国楼市的重要“风向标”，一线城市新房价格在2022年末出现企稳迹象。房地产市场是否迈入企稳回升通道？今年的楼市“小阳春”会提前到来吗？
房价连续16个月环比下跌
从2021年9月份以来，中国房地产市场持续探底，新房和二手房价持续处于下跌区间。
中国国家统计局1月16日发布的数据显示，2022年12月份，中国70个大中城市中，新建商品住宅销售价格和二手住宅销售价格环比下跌的城市分别较上月增加4个和1个；多数城市房价环比下跌。
当月，中国70个城市新建商品住宅价格指数平均环比下跌0.2%，同比下跌2.3%；二手住宅价格指数平均环比下跌0.4%，同比下跌3.8%。
广东省城规院住房政策研究中心首席研究员李宇嘉指出，新房和二手房价连续16个月环比下跌、同比调整也近一年，这带来了房地产市场预期的逆转。更多人对房价持下跌预期，导致市场持续疲软。
2022年12月份，多数城市房价下跌，特别是二手房市场跌幅较深。二手房价下跌城市数量上升至63个，且同比跌幅仍在扩大，显示供需两端都较弱。李宇嘉认为，稳房价成为今年稳预期、稳信心、纾困供给端的重要一环。
一线城市率先企稳
值得注意的是，2022年12月份，作为楼市“领头羊”的一线城市新房价格已率先止跌企稳。
官方数据显示，2022年12月份，一线城市新建商品住宅销售价格环比由上月下降0.2%转为持平。其中，北京、上海新房价格环比涨0.2%和0.4%，广州、深圳环比跌0.4%和0.3%。
上海易居房地产研究院研究总监严跃进表示，一线城市新房价格在连跌3个月后，已经有止跌迹象。过去几年来，房地产市场进入上行周期时，往往由一线城市房地产升温开启。严跃进表示，这类城市房价止跌，有助于修复市场预期。
诸葛找房数据研究中心也认为，2023年一线城市房地产市场将率先恢复，尤其是北京和上海。该机构认为，一线城市将凭借丰富的产业配套率先走出下行周期，进入上行周期。
楼市“小阳春”会提前吗？
过去每年三月至四月份，房地产市场会迎来一波“小阳春”行情。今年楼市的“小阳春”行情是否会提前至春节期间？
调研显示，过去由春节返乡带火的“返乡置业”在2023年春节，热度不及以往。根据58同城、安居客近日发布的一份调研报告，2023年春节期间，超八成意向购房者计划在工作城市及周边买房。而想回到家乡购房的人群占比仅17.1%，大幅低于2020年春节时的68.6%。作为返乡置业的主力，三、四线城市春节期间或难现楼市明显升温。
今年楼市“小阳春”料将从一、二线城市开始，整体楼市升温或要等到二季度。
目前一些积极因素已经显现。贝壳研究院发布的数据显示，今年1月上旬二手房市场的先行指标出现了明显的回升。代表需求的带看量和成交量出现明显回升。从带看量看，1月上旬50个重点城市日均带看量较12月增加22%；从成交量来看，1月上旬50城日均二手房成交量较去年12月增加39%。廊坊、北京等地日均成交较12月翻倍。
贝壳研究院预计，疫情期间被抑制的改善型需求会加快释放，2023年一季度核心城市房地产市场有望迎来开门红。58安居客研究院院长张波认为，市场底部已逐步清晰，预计房价稳定及上涨城市数量明显增长将出现在今年二季度。(完)
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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