溥仪和鹿钟麟等在北京会见******
中新社北京1961年10月13日电(记者/徐曰琮)辛亥革命武昌起义的四位老人——熊秉坤、温楚珩、李白贞、邱文彬和鹿钟麟，今天上午在北京和溥仪会见。
会见的地点在政协礼堂的第四会议室。
上午11时，溥仪走进会议室，首先与鹿钟麟紧紧地握手，鹿钟麟一见溥仪，第一句话就是“奇遇，奇遇！”溥仪对他说“今天你看到的，不是从前的溥仪，而是新生的溥仪啊！”
这个曾经三度做皇帝的溥仪，1924年被当时身为西北军将领的鹿钟麟从北京故宫里赶出来。事隔37年，这两个曾经的敌对者，今日又在北京见了面，怪不得鹿钟麟要连连说“奇遇”。
会见的空气，显得十分轻松愉快。他们谈笑风生，像多年不见的老朋友。
溥仪紧紧地抱着鹿钟麟和武昌起义打第一枪的熊秉坤一起照了相。溥仪以自豪的口吻说：“现在我是中华人民共和国的一个公民了。”
鹿钟麟笑着问溥仪：“你还记得吗？当时我把你押出王宫送到‘醇亲王府’，临下车时我问你，你愿意做老百姓呢，还是做皇帝？”
溥仪说：“我记得很清楚。当时我说要做老百姓，可是，老实说，那时心里想的完全不是那么回事。”说得大家都笑了。
溥仪说到1924年被逐出宫和1945年被苏军俘获后送回中国时的心情。他说，同样是害怕，心情却不同。1924年被押解出宫时虽然他吓得不得了，但是还想到能够保全性命。二次大战后被苏军送回中国，他想到共产党手里是必死无疑了。谁知经过将近10年的改造，不但没有死，反而得到了新生。他说：“我真正是亲身体会到毛主席的伟大！”
50年是一个不短的历程，老人们又经历了多少坎坷。武昌首义的四位老人今天还是和溥仪第一次正式会见。熊秉坤当时是第八镇工程营的一个班长，是武昌起义打第一枪的人。温楚珩在当年和詹大悲等几个人带了两连兵一起光复了汉口。邱文彬率领炮队在汉阳龟山开炮，一炮炸翻了湖广总督瑞澄的签押房，吓得瑞澄从后院墙挖个洞逃走了。李白贞则是一个艺术家，开了个照相馆做掩护工作，革命军的印信就是他手刻的，现在陈列在革命博物馆里。
老人们娓娓地谈到辛亥革命时的斗争情况，又谈到辛亥革命后生活的遭遇，对今年隆重纪念辛亥革命50周年似有无限感慨。他们都热烈地祝贺溥仪的新生。
熊秉坤对溥仪说：“今天你已改造成为新人，我们都很高兴。在我们祖国大家庭里，各族同胞都是平等的。我大你20岁，你还年轻，希望你为祖国社会主义建设多做一些事，我也要争取多做事。”
溥仪说：“我虽然已经55岁了，但正像一个初生婴儿，还要发育长大。”
溥仪今天穿了一套天蓝色新的哔叽中山装，胸前别着一颗毛主席像和一颗辛亥革命50周年纪念章。
午餐时，大家一起碰了杯。过去，武昌首义的老人们是捏着枪杆子的；鹿钟麟进宫逐溥仪时手里还捏着一颗空心炸弹。今天，大家端起了注满祖国美味葡萄酒的高脚杯，在祖国的大家庭里干了温暖幸福的一杯。
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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