多国机构和专家:限制中国旅客入境,没必要******
【环球时报驻德国特约记者 青 木 环球时报记者 邢晓婧 赵瑜莎赵霜】随着中国1月8日出入境放开时间临近,接受《环球时报》采访的多位国外专家认为,只要接种疫苗,政府没有对中国旅客采取入境限制措施的必要。
6日下午,中国国家卫健委发布《新型冠状病毒感染诊疗方案(试行第十版)》。第十版诊疗方案内容包括对疾病名称进行调整、不再判定“疑似病例”、增加新冠病毒抗原检测阳性作为诊断标准等。本周日,中国将有序恢复公民出境游,亚太地区特别是以旅游业为支柱的东南亚国家期待中国游客的回归。据路透社6日报道,柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、新加坡等东南亚国家不要求对入境的中国旅客进行核酸检测,马来西亚和泰国仅对从中国起飞的飞机废水进行病毒检测。
然而,未能对来自中国的入境者达成统一对策的欧盟提出强烈建议,希望欧盟国家对中国入境者实施新冠检测。5日,德国联邦卫生部长卡尔·劳特巴赫宣布,任何从中国前往德国旅行的人都必须在飞行前接受新冠病毒检测,“只有在测试呈阴性的情况下才允许入境。”他表示,至少应进行一项快速抗原检测。此外,比利时、瑞典、奥地利和希腊也宣布强制检测决定。
德国航空运输业协会指出,世界卫生组织(WHO)和欧盟机构 ECDC都发现,此类旅行限制并不能有效防止新冠病毒的传播,因此没有必要要求旅客在离开中国前进行测试。欧洲航空协会(A4E)、国际航空运输协会(IATA)和国际机场理事会欧洲分会(ACI Europe)1月5日也发表联合声明称,对欧盟周三建议让来自中国的旅客在抵达欧洲之前进行新冠病毒检测等行为表示“遗憾”,并表示这是一种未经思考的“下意识反应”。欧洲旅游代理商及旅行社协会秘书长埃里克·德雷辛则批评称,各国政府的行动“更多是出于民粹主义原因,而不是为了实现公共卫生目标”。
日本医疗管理研究所理事长上昌广在接受《环球时报》记者采访时说,虽然不能完全排除在中国出现新的变异毒株的可能性,但即便出现,大概率属于奥密克戎毒株的系统当中,只要接种了疫苗,日韩等国没有担心害怕的必要。最近流行的XBB毒株实际上与奥密克戎毒株类似,无需担惊受怕。奥密克戎毒株已经在东亚国家传播开来,日本采取的“水际对策”(即边境防控)措施不可能遏制病毒传播。除非中国出现毒性极强的变异毒株,“水际对策”措施才有可能发挥一定作用。
美国哥伦比亚大学的流行病学专家杰弗里·沙曼告诉《环球时报》记者,任何国家都不能排除出现新型变异毒株的可能性,如果有些国家由此认为中国“危险”,那么实际上“旅行限制”并不会消除这种“危险”,因为病毒已经无处不在。中国此前采取的防疫政策在很大程度上有效阻止了病毒进入中国,虽然无法完全阻挡病毒,但若当初没有采取这种严格的防控措施,病毒则会迅速传播开来。
美国传染病学会6日也在社交媒体上表示,美国政府要求中国旅客入境前进行核酸检测的做法,不仅不会在限制病毒的传播上产生多大的影响,也无助于全面评估全球病例增加所带来的影响。该声明认为,如果美国希望更好地监测病毒和疫情的发展与走向,那么政府就应该从狭隘的地理视角中跳出来,采取更为广泛的监测策略。
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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