中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
全球或陷“滞胀陷阱”？专家：未来十年地缘竞争或激烈化****** 中新网北京7月10日电(记者 孟湘君)俄乌冲突开始后，西方国家对俄罗斯发起的制裁已达到一万多项。俄乌冲突、俄与西方之间的制裁与反制裁，对全球化进程和全球贸易、能源格局有何影响？近日，在中新社“东西问·中外对话”中，东方证券首席经济学家邵宇给出了自己的分析。 邵宇指出，西方在制裁当中冻结俄罗斯的外汇储备后，俄罗斯应对的办法就是能源出口。邵宇指出，俄罗斯不接受其他货币用于石油、能源贸易，只要用俄油气跟能源，一定要购买卢布，既然对卢布的需求在增长，它就会坚挺升值。 至少在这个阶段，他认为，卢布的走强使得俄罗斯确立了抗拒欧美，特别是美国金融制裁所起到的一定效应。也就是说俄罗斯用必不可少的石油需求，维护了自己货币的主权。俄在(全球)供应链当中的重要地位，目前看起来可能是无法取代的。 但对全球而言，不管是用卢布还是用美元计价，目前能源的价格都非常高。现在供应链的状态非常混乱，且混乱可能持续一段时间。地缘冲突包括高企的油价，可能把全球拉入一个很大的“滞胀陷阱”，对全球能源转型形成巨大冲击。 邵宇进一步分析，能源转型的一个逻辑是，让传统能源保持在(价格)较高位置，大家就会往新能源方向转移。这种转型可能会对全球格局包括化石能源、传统能源的需求发生一些中长期甚至是革命性的变化。 另一方面，对全球化本身来说，邵宇表示自己一直在研究这方面。他说，“我们习惯于把过去的全球化叫做全球化的3.0版”，三类国家构成了全球化循环的完整结构。 第一类是俄罗斯、乌克兰这样的能源或者资源型国家；第二类叫做生产型经济体，这些国家的经常账户盈余超过GDP4%以上；最后一类消费型国家比如南欧国家、美国，经常账户赤字占GDP4%以上。 现在不管是地缘冲突还是一些国家间的竞争，已经导致全球化结构断裂了。全球可能进入到一种地缘竞争更激烈，不同国家的联盟形成竞争集团的过程，有点像一战跟二战之间的一种低迷状态。 他预测，这样一个状态可能会持续10年甚至更长时间，所以不管是资源型国家转型，生产型国家能力提升，还是约束消费型国家滥发货币，都要找到新的合作领域，达到一个新的平衡，但这个平衡比较难达到。 所以，要做好准备，来应对可能会出现的各种风险跟不确定性。比如美元的武器化或者是更激烈的技术竞争形式等，或将成为各国必须面对的问题。(完) 盈彩网投资平台地图 |
